Definition and function

A damper is a device used to regulate the flow and direction of air in a duct, duct, or ventilation system. It is like a valve that can control the size and direction of the water flow, but for the gas. In the ventilation system, by adjusting the opening of the damper, the air flow can be controlled, so that the ventilation system can distribute air according to the design requirements to meet the ventilation needs of different regions. For example, in the central air-conditioning ventilation system of a large building, the damper can precisely control the amount of hot and cold air sent to each room.

At the same time, the damper can also be used to prevent gas backflow. In some complex ventilation duct networks, when the pressure of the system changes or the fan stops running, the damper can prevent the air from flowing backwards, avoiding damage to the system or affecting the normal ventilation of other parts.

Structural composition

Damper blade: This is the core component of the damper, usually made of a material such as metal (such as steel) or plastic. There are many shapes of the blades, the most common being rectangular or circular. The rectangular blade damper is suitable for square or rectangular air channels, while the circular blade damper is for circular pipes. The blades are connected to the frame through the shaft and can be rotated around the shaft, thus changing the ventilation cross-sectional area of the air duct. For example, in the ventilation system of an industrial plant, the rectangular damper blades can be flexibly adjusted according to the heat dissipation requirements of different equipment in the production shop.

Frame: provides a support structure for the damper, which is generally welded or bolted by metal profiles (such as Angle steel, channel steel). The size and shape of the frame should match the installed air duct to ensure that the damper can be tightly installed in the air duct to prevent gas leakage. The strength of the frame is also important, especially in systems subjected to high wind pressure, and needs to be strong enough to ensure proper operation of the damper.

Drive (optional) : For some large or remote control of the damper, will be equipped with a drive. The driving device can be manual (such as hand wheel, handle), electric (such as motor, reducer) or pneumatic. The electric drive device can realize the remote automatic control of the damper through the control system, and automatically adjust the damper opening according to the feedback information of the sensor (such as temperature, humidity, air quality, etc.). For example, in the ventilation system of intelligent buildings, the electric damper can be automatically adjusted according to indoor and outdoor environmental parameters to achieve energy saving and comfortable ventilation effects.